SELECT Syntax
 SELECT
     [ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ]
       [HIGH_PRIORITY]
       [STRAIGHT_JOIN]
       [SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT]
       [SQL_CACHE | SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]
     select_expr [, select_expr ...]
     [FROM table_references
     [WHERE where_condition]
     [GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}
       [ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]]
     [HAVING where_condition]
     [ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}
       [ASC | DESC], ...]
     [LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]
     [PROCEDURE procedure_name(argument_list)]
     [INTO OUTFILE 'file_name'
         [CHARACTER SET charset_name]
         export_options
       | INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name'
       | INTO var_name [, var_name]]
     [FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]]
 

JOIN Syntax
 table_references:
     table_reference [, table_reference] ...
 
 table_reference:
     table_factor
   | join_table
 
 table_factor:
     tbl_name [[AS] alias] [index_hint_list]
   | table_subquery [AS] alias
   | ( table_references )
   | { OJ table_reference LEFT OUTER JOIN table_reference
         ON conditional_expr }
 
 join_table:
     table_reference [INNER | CROSS] JOIN table_factor [join_condition]
   | table_reference STRAIGHT_JOIN table_factor
   | table_reference STRAIGHT_JOIN table_factor ON conditional_expr
   | table_reference {LEFT|RIGHT} [OUTER] JOIN table_reference join_condition
   | table_reference NATURAL [{LEFT|RIGHT} [OUTER]] JOIN table_factor
 
 join_condition:
     ON conditional_expr
   | USING (column_list)
 
 index_hint_list:
     index_hint [, index_hint] ...
 
 index_hint:
     USE {INDEX|KEY}
       [{FOR {JOIN|ORDER BY|GROUP BY}] ([index_list])
   | IGNORE {INDEX|KEY}
       [{FOR {JOIN|ORDER BY|GROUP BY}] (index_list)
   | FORCE {INDEX|KEY}
       [{FOR {JOIN|ORDER BY|GROUP BY}] (index_list)
 
 index_list:
     index_name [, index_name] ...
 

INSERT Syntax
 INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
     [INTO] tbl_name [(col_name,...)]
     {VALUES | VALUE} ({expr | DEFAULT},...),(...),...
     [ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
       col_name=expr
         [, col_name=expr] ... ]
 # Or
 INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
     [INTO] tbl_name
     SET col_name={expr | DEFAULT}, ...
     [ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
       col_name=expr
         [, col_name=expr] ... ]
 # Or
 INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
     [INTO] tbl_name [(col_name,...)]
     SELECT ...
     [ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
       col_name=expr
         [, col_name=expr] ... ]
 

UPDATE Syntax
 # Single-table syntax:
 UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_reference
     SET col_name1={expr1|DEFAULT} [, col_name2={expr2|DEFAULT}] ...
     [WHERE where_condition]
     [ORDER BY ...]
     [LIMIT row_count]
 
 # Multiple-table syntax:
 UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_references
     SET col_name1={expr1|DEFAULT} [, col_name2={expr2|DEFAULT}] ...
     [WHERE where_condition]
 

DELETE Syntax
 # Single-table syntax:
 
 DELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGNORE] FROM tbl_name
     [WHERE where_condition]
     [ORDER BY ...]
     [LIMIT row_count]
 
 # Multiple-table syntax:
 DELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGNORE]
     tbl_name[.*] [, tbl_name[.*]] ...
     FROM table_references
     [WHERE where_condition]
 
 # Or:
 DELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGNORE]
     FROM tbl_name[.*] [, tbl_name[.*]] ...
     USING table_references
     [WHERE where_condition]
 

REPLACE Syntax
 REPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED]
     [INTO] tbl_name [(col_name,...)]
     {VALUES | VALUE} ({expr | DEFAULT},...),(...),...
 
 # Or:
 REPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED]
     [INTO] tbl_name
     SET col_name={expr | DEFAULT}, ...
 
 # Or:
 REPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED]
     [INTO] tbl_name [(col_name,...)]
     SELECT ...